Serif vs. Sans Serif
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The word serif refers to the tiny little lines on the edges of the character. Serif fonts are often seen as 'old school'.
Sans-serif are typefaces that do not have a serif and are often referred to as modern.


Screen
Serif fonts are used for print as the serifs make it easier for people to distinguish the letters from one another.
Sans-serif fonts are most commonly used to display text on a screen. This was originally because of the lower resolution of the screens, but now has just become the trend.
Examples
Examples


What about the rest?

Typefaces come in many shapes and sizes, but when it comes down to it, they are either Serif or not.